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Pathogens

Date: 18.10.2017

Infectious Bacteria (NIB)

Anthrax

Anthrax

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease (could be transferred from animals to humans) caused by the spore-producing bacterium Bacillus anthracis.

Brucellosis

Brucellosis

Brucellosis is an infection caused by Brucella bacteria. The common reservoirs for Brucella bacteria that may infect humans are cattle, dogs, sheep, goats, and pigs.

Q Fever

Q Fever

Q fever is a common zoonosis, caused by Coxiella burnetii. Natural reservoirs include several domestic and wild animals, most of which show no signs of disease (although infection can cause abortions).

Melioidosis

Melioidosis

Melioidosis, also called Whitmore's disease, is an infectious disease that can infect humans or animals. The disease is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei.

Tularemia

Tularemia

Tularaemia is a zoonosis (infection that could transmit from animals to humans), caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, capable of surviving for weeks at low temperatures in water, moist soil, hay, straw or animal carcasses.

Cholera

Cholera

Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholera of serogroups O1 or O139.

Plague

Plague

Plague is caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria. Blood sucking fleas transmit the bacteria among animals, and various species of rodents can become infected. Human cases are most likely to occur when domestic rats are involved, as these live in close proximity to humans. Plague diagnostic recommendations (PDF, 191 KB, File does not meet accessibility standards.)

Glanders

Glanders

Glanders is an infectious disease that is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei. While people can get the disease, glanders is primarily a disease affecting horses.

Infectious Viruses (NIV)

Ebola virus disease

Ebola virus disease

Ebola and Marburg haemorrhagic fevers are caused by the Ebola and Marburg virus respectively, both belonging to the same virus family.

Lassa Hemorrhagic Fever

Lassa Hemorrhagic Fever

Lassa fever is present in West Africa. The reservoir of Lassa virus are rodents and humans become infected through contact with the excreta of infected rats. LASSA Fever (PDF, 165 KB, File does not meet accessibility standards.)

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral disease with symptoms such as high fever, muscle pain, dizziness, abnormal sensitivity to light, abdominal pain and vomiting.

Smallpox

Smallpox

Smallpox is caused by variola virus, genus Orthopoxvirus. Other members of this genus that cause infection in humans are vaccinia virus, monkeypox virus, and cowpox virus. In 1980, the World Health Organization officially declared smallpox to be eradicated.

Nipah Virus (NiV)

Nipah virus (NiV) is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae, genus Henipavirus. NiV was initially isolated and identified in 1999 during an outbreak of encephalitis and respiratory illness among pig farmers and people with close contact with pigs in Malaysia and Singapore.

Hendra Virus Disease (HeV)

Hendra virus (HeV) is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae and one of two virus species in the genus Henipavirus (the other being Nipah virus).

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